Polishing Stone

An oblong polishing stone made of basalt. The stone has pointed ends and rounded sides.

Hawaiian polishing stones were used in the finishing of finely crafted wooden objects, particularly ʻumeke (wooden bowls) and canoes. Polishing occurred at the final stages of manufacture and involved a multi-step process. Coral (puna) was first used to remove tool marks and shape the surface, followed by pumice to further smooth the wood, and then various fine stones to achieve an even finish. Stones such as ʻōʻahi (ʻōʻāi), pōhuehue, kāwaewae, ʻōʻio, and ʻana were selected for their distinct abrasive qualities suited to different phases of refinement. The process concluded with plant materials, including leaves and kapa (bark cloth), and a final application of kukui nut oil to enhance smoothness and luster.